Architecture and History of the Mill Colonnade

The Mill Colonnade is a symbol of elegance. It was designed by the famous architect Josef Zítek. He also designed the National Theatre in Prague. Construction took place between 1871 and 1881. Originally, the plan was for a two-story building. However, budget issues led to the current single-story design. You can find more details in our Karlovy Vary sightseeing guide.

This structure is part of a UNESCO World Heritage site. It belongs to the Great Spa Towns of Europe. The design reflects the wealth of the 19th century. Visitors can walk through the long halls for free. It provides shelter for those drinking the local mineral waters. You can learn more on the Karlovy Vary Official Tourism website. The stone used is high-quality and durable.

The colonnade has faced many changes over the years. It was extended in the late 1800s. Today, it remains the largest colonnade in the town. It is 132 meters long and 13 meters wide. The roof is decorated with many beautiful sculptures. These statues add to the grand atmosphere of the spa zone.

10 Highlights and the Number of Pillars in the Mill Colonnade

This list highlights the most important features of the site. Each item offers a unique look at the history and design. Use this to plan your walk through the spa district.

1. Name: The 124 Corinthian Columns Type: sight Why go: This is the official number of pillars in the Mill Colonnade. They create a stunning visual rhythm. Best for: Architecture lovers Where: Main hall Time: 15 minutes Cost: Free Tip: Look at the intricate carvings at the top of each pillar.
2. Name: The Twelve Allegorical Statues Type: sight Why go: These stone figures represent the twelve months of the year. They sit proudly on the roof terrace. Best for: Art enthusiasts Where: Roof line Time: 10 minutes Cost: Free Tip: Read more about the statues on the roof of Mill Colonnade before you go.
3. Name: Mlýnský pramen (Mill Spring) Type: experience Why go: This is the most famous spring in this colonnade. It has been used for baths since the 16th century. Best for: Health seekers Where: Central section Time: 10 minutes Cost: Free Tip: Buy a traditional porcelain spa cup nearby to taste the water.
4. Name: Rusalka Spring Type: experience Why go: Named after a famous water nymph. It is one of the five springs located inside the structure. Best for: History buffs Where: Interior hall Time: 5 minutes Cost: Free Tip: The water is warm, so sip it slowly as locals do.
5. Name: The Orchestra Pit Type: sight Why go: This area is used for seasonal concerts. The acoustics under the stone roof are excellent. Best for: Music fans Where: North end Time: 20 minutes Cost: Free Tip: Check the local schedule for free afternoon performances in summer.
6. Name: Prince Wenceslas Spring Type: experience Why go: This spring has two outlets with different temperatures. It is a unique geological feature of the area. Best for: Curious travelers Where: Near the entrance Time: 10 minutes Cost: Free Tip: Compare the taste of both outlets to notice the mineral differences.
7. Name: The Zítek Commemorative Plaque Type: sight Why go: It honors the architect Josef Zítek. It explains his vision for the Mill Colonnade history and facts. Best for: History fans Where: On the wall Time: 5 minutes Cost: Free Tip: It is located near the main Mill Spring.
8. Name: Libuše Spring Type: experience Why go: A quiet spring known for its refreshing mineral content. It is less crowded than the Mill Spring. Best for: Relaxation Where: Interior Time: 5 minutes Cost: Free Tip: This is a great spot for a peaceful moment during a busy day.
9. Name: Market Colonnade Type: day trip Why go: This wooden Swiss-style structure is just a short walk away. It offers a beautiful contrast to the stone Mill Colonnade. Best for: Photography Where: 200 meters south Time: 20 minutes Cost: Free Tip: Visit at night when the wooden arches are beautifully lit.
10. Name: Diana Observation Tower Type: day trip Why go: Take a funicular to see the best view of the town. You can see the colonnades from above. Best for: Viewpoints Where: Friendship Hill Time: 1-2 hours Cost: Small fee for funicular Tip: You can find more info at the Diana Observation Tower page.

Practical Tips for Visiting Karlovy Vary in 2026

Visiting Karlovy Vary in 2026 is a great choice. The town is very walkable and friendly. To see the Mill Colonnade, arrive early in the morning. This helps you avoid large tour groups. You can enjoy the peace and the sound of the springs. The site is a key part of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre list.

Wear comfortable shoes for your visit. The spa zone is mostly paved with stone. You will likely walk a lot between the different colonnades. Most springs are free to access. However, you should buy a spa cup for the best experience. These cups are sold at many small kiosks. They make for a great souvenir too.

Public transport in the city is very efficient. You can take a bus from the main station. The walk from the city center to the spa zone is pleasant. Most people spend at least one full day here. If you have time, stay overnight. The evening atmosphere is very romantic and quiet.